Wyoming History News Reviews Bear Claws

Wyoming History News HeaderWyoming History News reviewed Bear Claws, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book Two in its June 2016 issue. The News is published ten times a year for members of the Wyoming State Historical Society. Distribution is to members only, and no copies are sold or made available for sale.

It was gratifying to read the positive review of Bear Claws. Since most of the readers of this blog will not have access to the Wyoming History News, I am providing a copy of their review here.WSHS Bear Claws ReviewBear Claws has been accepted by the Wyoming State Historical Society for a possible award this year, Notifications to winners will be made the end of July. Here’s hoping!

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The First Wild West Show

German Print of 100th Meridian

German Newspaper Print of Hundredth Meridian Excursion

The first wild west show was a complete surprise to its audience. The incentive for staging that performance was not to sell theatrical tickets. The show was gratuitous. It was a celebration for having won a race—the first race in the competition to build a transcontinental railroad. The 1862 Railroad Act, as amended by the 1864 Railroad Act, signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln, contained a provision awarding the right to build the eastern portion of the cross-country railroad to the first company to lay track to the Hundredth Meridian. The winner could continue westward to join with the Central Pacific coming out of Sacramento, California.

Two companies competed for the prize: the Union Pacific Railroad (UP) starting from Omaha, Nebraska, and the Union Pacific Eastern Division (UPED), originally named the Leavenworth, Pawnee & Western Railroad, beginning in what is now Kansas City, Kansas. The UP began construction in December 1863, while the UPED got a head start by laying its first track in September 1863.

Thomas "Doc" Durant

Thomas “Doc” Durant

The demands of the Civil War limited access to equipment and materials, the Indians on the plains repeatedly attacked construction crews, and turmoil in upper management resulted in confused directions to field supervisors. The manipulative leader of the UP, Thomas “Doc” Durant, was savvy enough to realize construction was proceeding too slowly to win the race. In February 1866, he hired the Casement brothers, Jack and Dan, to take responsibility for laying track. Jack Casement, a brevet brigadier general during the war, stood only five feet four inches, but he commanded everyone’s respect because General “Jack” established military discipline in the track laying force. Durant’s crowning management decision was to entice General Grenville M. Dodge to resign his military commission and accept the position of Chief Engineer in May 1866. Dodge immediately structured the entire UP organization in a military fashion.

General Dodge and General “Jack” worked well together, and despite continued interference from Durant, the UP won the race on October 6, 1866, reaching the Hundredth Meridian near present-day Cozad, Nebraska. The UPED, which later changed its name to the Kansas Pacific Railroad, shifted its efforts toward building to Denver.

John Carbutt's Stereograph of UP Directors at the Hundredth Meridian.

John Carbutt’s Stereograph of UP Directors at the Hundredth Meridian.

Sensing the promotional benefit to sell UP stocks and bonds, which were not the most demanded investment at the time, “Doc” Durant decided to celebrate his victory by hosting a Grand Excursion to the Hundredth Meridian in December 1866. Durant sent out three hundred invitations to a specially selected group, including President Andrew Johnson and his cabinet, all members of Congress, and many military commanders and foreign dignitaries. President Johnson declined, but among the two hundred who accepted were Robert Todd Lincoln, recently graduated from Harvard, Rutherford B. Hayes, who would become the nineteenth President, and George Pullman, who lent Durant four of his special passenger coaches. To document the festivities Durant brought along numerous newspaper reporters and two photographers, one of whom was John Carbutt from Chicago. To entertain the guests, “Doc” also included two musical bands.

Once the entourage had congregated at Omaha, two locomotives pulled nine cars westward. In addition to the four Pullman cars, there were a baggage/supply car, a mail car, a kitchen car, the Lincoln Car, and a specially designed “directors’ car.” One has to wonder what Robert Lincoln thought when he saw Durant using as his personal coach the car that had transported his father’s body from Washington, DC, to Springfield, Illinois.

John Carbutt's Stereograph of Pawnee Indians participating in Hundredth Meridian Excursion.

John Carbutt’s Stereograph of Pawnee Indians participating in Hundredth Meridian Excursion.

After a leisurely 100-mile ride from Omaha to Columbus, Nebraska, the guests were offered the opportunity to sleep that night in a tent camp. Following dinner provided in a circus-sized tent, Durant entertained the gathering with the opening act of his wild west show. General Dodge had arranged for several Pawnee Indians from a nearby reservation to perform a war dance. Dodge knew these peaceful Indians from when the Pawnee Scouts provided protection for the Army troops he had commanded on the western frontier. Now, these same scouts were protecting the UP’s construction teams from raids by the Sioux and the Cheyennes, the habitual enemies of the Pawnees.

The next morning, the Pawnees woke the campers with act two of the show. Dressed as Sioux warriors, they raced through the campsite in a mock attack. After the guests’ screaming diminished, Durant provided a refreshing breakfast in the dining tent. Then, it was back aboard the special train which stopped later at an elevated point from where the spectators witnessed act three, a simulated battle between the Pawnees and the Sioux, with the Pawnees again playing both parts. That night the train stopped opposite Fort McPherson, near present-day North Platte, Nebraska. From there, a work train took the more curious the next day to the end of track ten miles farther west, 290 miles from Omaha, to witness the Casement brothers’ crew at work.

On the return journey eastward, the travelers stopped at the Hundredth Meridian for photographs. Later, the train paused to allow the passengers to traipse through a large prairie dog village. As a final encore act, that night Durant concluded the celebration by having the prairie set on fire, the flames racing twenty miles along the horizon.

The UP gained substantial publicity from Durant’s Hundredth Meridian Excursion, allowing the company to sell additional shares and more bonds to finance early work on building the first transcontinental railroad. This did not solve all the UP’s financial problems. Durant and the board of directors constantly scrambled to find financing.

Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show Poster.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show Poster.

Seventeen years later, in 1883, following the “subduing” of the Plains Indians, many of the Pawnee “actors” from the Hundredth Meridian Excursion joined Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. This time, the Pawnees joined with their traditional enemies the Sioux in entertaining the world. But, the lucky excursionists who accepted Durant’s invitation had witnessed the first wild west show.

Will Braddock would have been delighted to be among those excursionists, but he did not come on the scene until the following year when The Iron Horse Chronicles gets under way. If the UP had not won the race, however, Will’s adventures might not have occurred.

Posted in Bear Claws - Book Two, Central Pacific, Eagle Talons - Book One, Geography, Golden Spike - Book Three, Indians, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Transcontinental Railroad, Union Pacific | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 4 Comments

Orphans Preferred

Wanted. Young, skinny, wiry fellows not over eighteen. Must be expert riders willing to risk death daily. Orphans preferred.

Pony Express StatueSo read an 1860 poster advertising for riders for the Pony Express. As many of the readers of this blog are aware, every few weeks I contribute a blog posting to Mad About MG History. On May 26, 2016, I wrote about the Pony Express. This thrilling episode in our country’s history only lasted a few months, but it continues to fascinate all of us.

Read my posting at this link: http://madaboutmghistory.blogspot.com/

Posted in Geography, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Trails | Tagged , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

SCBWI Summer Reading List 2016

logo-scbwiThe Society of Children’s Book Writers & Illustrators has released the SCBWI Summer Reading List 2016. Eagle Talons, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book One is included. The following link will take you to the reading list organized by Divisions, or geographical regions, where the authors reside. To find Eagle Talons, scroll down and select the Southwest Division, which includes Nevada. The list will open as a PDF document. http://www.scbwi.org/list-of-pal-publishers/

EagleTalonsFrontSmall

After the file opens, scroll to page 104 and you will find the listing for Eagle Talons included in the category for Grades 6 – 8. The books within a grade category are listed alphabetically by title.

Before you leave the Southwest Division reading list, I want to point out two books written by friends from Nevada with whom I interface frequently.

Bull Rider CoverListed right about Eagle Talons on page 104 is Bull Rider by Suzanne Morgan Williams. Suzanne and I are both regular bloggers on Mad About MG History. Suzanne’s book is a multiple award winner, and it is a book that adults as well as middle-grade readers will enjoy.

Pirates Off the Deep End Cover

 

Scroll up the list to page 103 and locate Pirates Off the Deep End by T. W. Kirchner in the category for Grades 3 – 5. I had the privilege of critiquing portions of this fun book by Tina who is a fellow member of our local SCBWI Word Worms.

You may want to check out other Divisions to look for recommended books in the state or region where you reside.

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Bear Claws Reviewed by Railroad History Magazine

RR History 2016Railroad History, the journal of the Railway & Locomotive Historical Society, reviewed Bear Claws, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book Two, in its Spring-Summer 2016 issue, Number 214. In my post of November 9, 2015, I wrote about Railroad History’s review of Eagle Talons, the first book in the trilogy. You can access that post by clicking on the Archives section in the sidebar. The review of Bear Claws was written by Robert Butler of Shaker Heights, Ohio. He also wrote the review of Eagle Talons. Because many of the readers of my blog will not have access to Railroad History, I will copy his review here. I am grateful to Mr. Butler for both fine reviews.

“Bear Claws is the second book of a planned trilogy for young-adult readers that recounts the fictional adventures and mishaps of 15-year-old William Braddock.

The first book in this series, Eagle Talons (reviewed in Railroad History 213, Fall-Winter 2014), chronicles Will’s transformation from runaway to game scout on the Union Pacific in 1867. The second book, Bear Claws, opens in March 1868 with Will and the other members of his survey team in dire straits. They are ill and on the verge of starving. Additionally, they are precariously camped in tents under the overhang of a cliff during a severe snowstorm. Will’s uncle, Sean Corcoran, had remained healthy and set out one week earlier to find food and help, 15 miles away, at the Bridger Pass Station.

Since Sean had not returned, Will, who had recovered, decides to hunt for game. He straps on snowshoes and follows the survey stakes back to the North Platte River and into another series of adventures, which takes him from Wyoming to Utah to California and back.

Along the way, he rescues a German count from a bear attack and foils various nefarious plans of his nemesis Paddy O’Hannigan. He also becomes friends with a Chinese tea boy working for one of the Celestial teams on the Central Pacific, rescues a fallen woman and returns her to her family, meets the grand-niece of Sacajawea, fends off an Indian attack while riding shotgun on a Wells Fargo stagecoach, and interacts with almost every person of historical importance associated with the building of the transcontinental railroad on both the UP and CP railroads.

The second volume mirrors the construct of the first. The author has maintained his accuracy with respect to historical facts and figures and maximized the number of Will’s adventures. This book may appeal to young adults who enjoy reading action adventures.”

—Robert Butler, Shaker Heights, Ohio

R&LHS Logo

Under the category of Recommended Websites in the sidebar you can find a link to R&LHS. If you like trains, like I do, please take at look at this organization and its website.

 

Posted in Bear Claws - Book Two, Book Review, Central Pacific, Eagle Talons - Book One, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Transcontinental Railroad, Union Pacific | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Wyoming State Historical Society

Wyoming State Historical Society LogoI am now a proud member of the Wyoming State Historical Society. WSHS is a non-profit membership driven organization that encourages the study of Wyoming history. The Wyoming State Historical Society was founded in 1953 and has members across Wyoming and the United States. WSHS membership is open to any individual interested in history of Wyoming and the West. WSHS has an excellent website: http://www.wyshs.org/

Since all three volumes of The Iron Horse Chronicles contain numerous scenes occurring in Wyoming, it seemed appropriate that I join the society. I made several research trips into Wyoming while writing the trilogy about Will Braddock and his quest to determine his own destiny at the time of the building of the first transcontinental railroad. Many of the scenes in the books are based on historical events that I have tried to present accurately.

BearClawsFrontThe Wyoming State Historical Society recognizes individuals and organizations in the field of Wyoming History through an awards program. These awards are presented each year at the annual meeting of the Society on the Saturday following Labor Day. I have submitted Bear Claws, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book Two, for consideration. To be eligible, the book must be “published during the award year and written by an author or group of authors age eighteen or over.” Since Bear Claws was published in November 2015 and the subject is based on historical events in Wyoming, I feel the book qualifies for the 2015 awards program. Keep checking my blog posts to learn if Bear Claws is fortunate enough to win recognition.

 

Posted in Bear Claws - Book Two, Book Awards, Geography, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Transcontinental Railroad, Writing | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 3 Comments

Golden Spike Acquired by Five Star Publishing

Golden Spike, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book Three, has been acquired by Five Star Publishing. Over the next several months, I will be engaged with Five Star’s editorial staff in polishing the manuscript to get it ready for publication. The book cover needs to be designed. Then, advance reading copies (ARCs) must be printed and distributed for reviews and jacket blurb preparation. The entire process takes time. Look for a release of the book in the Spring of 2017. The specific date has yet to be set.

Golden Spike concludes the trilogy, with all the principal characters being drawn together at Promontory Summit, Utah, for the ceremonies surrounding the joining of the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific to form the first transcontinental railroad.

Welcome Sign at Promontory Summit

Welcome Sign at Promontory Summit

The action takes place in Utah and western Wyoming. Phyllis Mignard, fellow member of the Society of Children’s Book Writers & Illustrators, again took my crude sketch of the location and turned it into another great map to be included in the printed book. Here is a peek at where your reading will take you in Golden Spike.

[media-credit name=”Robert Lee Murphy/Phyllis Mignard” align=”aligncenter” width=”300″]Golden Spike map-300[/media-credit]

 

I extend my appreciation to Tiffany Schofield, Senior Editor, and Hazel Rumney, Editorial Development Coordinator, of Five Star Publishing for their continued support of my writing of The Iron Horse Chronicles. It is a great pleasure to have the entire trilogy produced by this great publishing house.

To whet your appetite, I quote the Preface: “The driving of the Golden Spike at Promontory Summit in Utah on May 10, 1869, almost didn’t happen. None of the history books documenting the facts encompassing the joining of the two halves of the first transcontinental railroad mention this crucial event. Only five people appear to have been aware of the incident. Will Braddock knew. He was one of those five.”

 

 

Posted in Central Pacific, Golden Spike - Book Three, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Transcontinental Railroad, Union Pacific, Writing | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Fetterman Massacre

The Fetterman Massacre figures only peripherally in The Iron Horse Chronicles. In Eagle Talons, Jenny McNabb and her family are forced to follow the Overland Trail on their journey westward in 1867 rather than use the Oregon Trail. Because of the Fetterman affair in upper Wyoming (still part of the Dakota Territory at the time), General William Tecumseh Sherman (of “make Georgia howl” fame) closed the more northern route and forced wagon trains to follow a path he felt his soldiers could safely protect. Thus, Jenny traveled through Virginia Dale Station, a location I wrote about in my last posting.

Fort Phil Kearny SignCurrently, I am researching a new novel set at the time of the events that involved the Fetterman Massacre near Fort Phil Kearny. When the massacre occurred in 1866 it was the largest defeat afflicted upon the United States Army by the “savage” Indians until Custer’s Last Stand a decade later. Its aftermath played a significant role in how the Army and the Indian Bureau struggled to accommodate the demands of Manifest Destiny and the westward expansion that ultimately forced the Plains Indians onto reservations and terminated their traditional way of life.

Fetterman PlaqueI visited the site of the massacre in 2010 and experienced snow and bitter cold not unlike what happened the day 3 officers, 76 soldiers, and 2 civilians died. The monument erected in 1905 proclaims there were “no survivors.” It fails to account for perhaps as many as 2,000 Indians who did survive. Perceptions change with time and a more thorough study and evaluation of history.

The Fetterman MassacreWhen I wrote Eagle Talons I followed the traditional version of the story proclaiming Captain William Judd Fetterman was a boastful, rash officer with no respect for the fighting ability of the Sioux, Northern Cheyennes, and Arapahos. My primary reference source was The Fetterman Massacre by Dee Brown, more famously known for his book Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. The oft repeated quotation by Fetterman that “with eighty men I could ride through the entire Sioux nation” I borrowed from Brown’s work. Brown’s book provides detailed information about the events surrounding the affair and is obviously well researched.

Where a Hundred Soldiers Were KilledSubsequent research by John H. Monnett in his book Where A HundredGive Me Eight Men Soldiers Were Killed and by Shannon D. Smith in her book Give Me Eighty Men provides new insight into the Fetterman affair. They point out that no solid evidence exists that the frequently repeated quotation by Fetterman actually occurred. It may very well have been a literary invention of Cyrus Townsend Brady who wrote Indian Fights and Fighters years after the fact. The statement does neatly account for the number of men under Fetterman’s command.

Abaraka, Home of the CrowsIn addition to several verbal accounts recorded by participating Indians, we are fortunate to have two first-hand written accounts about the events leading up to and following the affair. Still, no white man or woman actually witnessed the “massacre.” Margaret Irvin Carrington, the first wife of Fetterman’s commanding officer, Colonel Henry Carrington, resided at Fort Phil Kearny when the indicent occurred. She published her memoir Absaraka, Home of the Crows, in 1868.

My Army Life and the Fort Phil Kearny MassacreFrancis C. Carrington, Henry’s second wife, published her memoir, My Army Life and the Fort Phil Kearney Massacre, in 1910, years after the affair. (Note her different spelling of Fort Kearney, which is used in some documents.) She too was present at the time of the affair; but then she was married to Lieutenant George Washington Grummond, one of the three officers killed in the massacre. How she became Colonel Carrington’s wife is an interesting tale in itself.

Sioux DawnThe story is a wonderful example of how bizarre true history can be. While I am enjoying the research that draws me deeper into the mystery, I am also struggling to discern the “truth” in diverse accounts of the affair. It will take time before I complete my novel. In the meantime, you might enjoy reading a great telling of the story by the masterful western writer Terry C. Johnston in Sioux Dawn. He fell victim to the traditional assessment of Fetterman’s nature. That does not diminish his great novel.

Posted in Army, Eagle Talons - Book One, Geography, Indians, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, The Iron Horse Chronicles | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 4 Comments

Virginia Dale Station, Colorado

Colorado State Historical Society sign photographed by Robert Lee Murphy

Colorado State Historical Society sign photographed by Robert Lee Murphy

In Eagle Talons, The Iron Horse Chronicles–Book One, Jenny McNabb buries her mother behind the Virginia Dale stagecoach station in northern Colorado. Virginia Dale served as one of the “home stations” on the Overland Trail. When Jenny passed through in 1867, the station was operated by Wells, Fargo & Co. Virginia Dale was the last station in Colorado before the trail crossed into what then was part of the Dakota Territory. A year later, Wyoming Territory would be carved out of the southwestern portion of Dakota Territory.

Virginia Dale Photo

Colorado State Historical Society Photo

Notorious Jack Slade built Virginia Dale Station for Ben Holladay’s Overland Stage Company in 1862. Slade gave the station his wife’s first name coupled to the dale (or glade) through which ran a mountain stream. Some reports also suggest that Virginia’s last name was Dale. Today, Virginia Dale is the only complete stagecoach station along the Overland Trail which extends 575 miles from Julesburg, Colorado, to Fort Bridger, Wyoming. Virginia Dale Station is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Although mean tempered, Slade’s organizational abilities were appreciated by Holladay. Slade had been one of the organizers and managers of the Pony Express. Slade built several stagecoach stations along the Overland Trail. Jules Beni managed the station in his namesake town of Julesburg. The Overland Stage Company sent Jack Slade to investigate rumors that Beni was tampering with the U.S. Mail. The two men got into a fight, and Beni shot Slade five times. Slade survived and later ambushed Beni, tied him to a fence post, shot off his fingers, then cut off his ears and nailed them to the post before shooting Beni dead. Supposedly, Slade wore one of the ears as a watch fob thereafter. Mark Twain wrote about meeting Jack Slade in Roughing It. Vigilantes lynched Slade after a drunken brawl in Virginia City, Montana, in 1864.

Overland TrailI describe Virginia Dale Station and the surrounding countryside in Eagle Talons. This photo, taken from the current highway, shows the old trail (now a dirt road) passing through the rocky, hilly terrain of northern Colorado at an elevation of over 7,000 feet. Standing at this spot, one gets a feeling that Jenny McNabb’s wagon, pulled by its team of oxen, might lumber along at any moment.

 

Posted in Animals, Eagle Talons - Book One, Geography, Iron Horse Chronicles' Characters, Museums and Parks, Stagecoaches, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Trails | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

Nineteenth Century Internet

The title “Nineteenth Century Internet” may be a stretch, but in effect that was what the invention of the telegraph did for the world in the middle of the 1800s. I wrote about this phenomenon in my regular blog post on the website Mad About MG History.

Telegraph line adjacent to the meeting of the Jupiter and #119 at Promontory Summit.

Telegraph line adjacent to the meeting of the Jupiter and #119 at Promontory Summit.

The telegraph is featured throughout The Iron Horse Chronicles. All three books reveal how important this new invention was to the construction of the first transcontinental railroad. The final book, Golden Spike, tells about Will Braddock’s participation in the historic event that was signaled around the world by the telegraph in virtually real time.

Follow this link and read the article about the beginnings of what has now evolved into the rapid-fire communications we take for granted today. Scroll down until you come to my posting on March 31st with the title “Nineteenth Century Internet.” http://madaboutmghistory.blogspot.com/

Posted in Bear Claws - Book Two, Central Pacific, Eagle Talons - Book One, Geography, Golden Spike - Book Three, The Iron Horse Chronicles, Transcontinental Railroad, Union Pacific | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments